Оцінка шляхів використання відходів рослинницької продукції
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Date
2018
Authors
Коломієць, Л. В.
Мартиненко, С. А.
Левицька, К. А.
Коломиец, Л. В.
Мартыненко, С. А.
Левицкая, К. А.
Kolomiyets, L.
Martinenko, S.
Levitska, K.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
ЦНТУ
Abstract
Проаналізовано питання утворення та використання відходів рослинництва. Накреслено шляхи оптимізації поводження з відходами в умовах сьогодення. Доведено доцільність використання біопалива. Проанализирован вопрос образования и использования отходов растениеводства. Очерчены пути оптимизации обращения с отходами в нынешних условиях. Доказано целесообразность использования биотоплива. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the necessity of recycling of secondary raw materials in agriculture, illumination of ways to use plant-based raw material waste as an alternative source of energy. The agricultural sector of Ukraine is highly developed, therefore, a large amount of crop production waste is generated annually. The production of grain and leguminous crops in Ukraine is about 40-50 million tons per year. In addition to the part of the harvest, about the same amount of waste produced, or by-products of plant production. Therefore, in farms where the growing of groups of cultivated plants is actively carried out, the wide introduction of technological lines for the processing of cultivars and the formation of pellets, granules and others. types of biofuels that can be used in modern fuel systems, boilers, etc. Having studied the world experience and domestic achievements in the field of development of the biofuel market, it is recommended to introduce equipment for the implementation of technological operations for the production of solid biofuels (fuel pellets) from plant biomass of agricultural crops according to the following scheme: large grinding, drying, fine grinding, moisturizing, pressing, cooling, packing. Large shredding is performed by stacking bales or straw rolls on the flatbed moving conveyors and feeding them as loading to the crusher. Large crushers grind the raw material for further drying. The grinding process should ensure that the particles are not more than 10 mm in size. Large shredding allows you to quickly and qualitatively prepare the raw material for drying and further processing in a small crusher.
It was established that fuel raw material obtained from plant products does not cause significant pollution of the environment; is formed continuously; has a stable price, unlike traditional energy resources. Thus, today agriculture is a significant source of biomass production of secondary vegetable raw materials. Further definition of ways to increase plant biomass waste is necessary, since a certain part of them must be returned to the soil, and the surplus becomes an important reserve of alternative biofuels.
Description
Keywords
рослинництво, солома, стебла, побічні продукти, біоконверсія, брикети, гранули, біопаливо, енергія, відновлювані джерела енергії, растениеводство, стебели, вторичные продукты, биоконверсия, брикеты, гранулы, биотопливо, энергия, возобновляемые источники энергии, crop production, straw, stems, by-products, bioconversion, briquettes, pellets, biofuels, energy, renewable energy sources
Citation
Коломієць, Л. В. Оцінка шляхів використання відходів рослинницької продукції / Л. В. Коломієць, С. А. Мартиненко, К. А. Левицька // Конструювання, виробництво та експлуатація сільськогосподарських машин : загальнодерж. міжвід. наук.-техн. зб. - Кропивницький : ЦНТУ, 2018. - Вип. 48. - С. 154-164.