Конструювання, виробництво та експлуатація сільськогосподарських машин. Випуск 52. - 2022
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Item Підвищення надійності причіпного пристрою бункера-накопичувача перевантажувального(ЦНТУ, 2022) Амосов, В. В.; Свірень, М. О.; Васильковський, О. М.; Amosov, V.; Sviren, М.; Vasylkovskyi, O.Пропонується аналіз особливостей конструкцій причіпних пристроїв. Визначено оптимальну конструкцію причіпного пристрою бункера-накопичувача перевантажувального БНП-30ПП. Розроблено креслення удосконаленого причіпного пристрою бункера-накопичувача перевантажувального БНП- 30ПП. Впровадження розробки сприяє підвищенню ефективності використання збирально-транспортних комплексів при вирощуванні сільськогосподарських культур. The use of hoppers-accumulators of transshipment makes it possible to increase the productivity of the collection and transport complex by approximately 20-50%. The towing device is one of the most responsible nodes of the hopper-accumulator. The productivity of the collection and transport complex depends on the perfection of its design, high strength and reliability. The purpose of the work is to increase the variable productivity of the collection and transport complex due to the improvement of the towing device of the hopperaccumulator of the transshipment BNP-30PP. The analysis of the features of the constructions of the towing devices of hoppers-accumulators of transshipment showed that the strength of the towing device depends on the weight of the trailer and part of the vertical component of the load. The coupling loop of the hopper-accumulator of the transshipment BNP-30PP, made in accordance with GOST 2349-75, quickly failed due to overloading by the vertical component of the force on the side of the drawbar of the trailer. "Pozhmashina" LLC replaced the coupling hinge with an improved version: a bracket with a spherical bearing, which failed after 350-400 hours of operation. Therefore, as a result of a joint discussion with the engineers of PE "Astarta Group" and the teachers of the Department of Agricultural Machine Building of the Central Ukrainian National Technical University, an optimal design was proposed and a drawing of the towing device of the hopper-accumulator of the transshipment BNP-30PP was developed. The real loads on the towing device of the BNP-30PP transshipment hopper-accumulator exceed the values allowed by the standards. The towing device developed by PP "Pozhmashina" LLC has design flaws that lead to deformation of the bracket and cracks in the metal. The improvement of the trailer device showed high reliability during the field operation of the BNP-30PP transshipment hopper-accumulator. The implementation of the development contributes to reducing the time spent on repair and maintenance of the hopper-accumulator and increasing the efficiency of the use of collection and transport complexes in the cultivation of agricultural crops.Item Попередні дослідження пасивного струнного решета(ЦНТУ, 2022) Васильковський, О. М.; Лещенко, С. М.; Петренко, Д. І.; Мороз, С. М.; Нестеренко, О. В.; Vasylkovskyi, O.; Leshchenko, S.; Petrenko, D.; Moroz, S.; Nesterenko, О.У статті викладені результати досліджень роботи моделі оригінального струнного решета. На основі аналізу наукових праць сформульовано гіпотезу щодо підвищення ефективності сепарації зерна і зниження енергетичних витрат шляхом використання струнних пасивних решіт з шнурів Dyneema. Попередні дослідження моделі підсівного решета були проведені шляхом реалізації плану повного факторного експерименту. Встановлено працездатність і виявлені основні показники роботи оригінального решета. Виявлені недоліки конструкції і сформульовані завдання для подальших досліджень. The article presents the results of research into the operation of the model of the original string sieve. The sieve is equipped with synthetic strings made of ultra-small diameter Dyneema braided cord. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance and identify the main indicators of the technological efficiency of the proposed fixed sieve installed at an angle to the horizon. Preliminary studies of the sowing sieve model were carried out by implementing the plan of a full factorial experiment. The experiments were carried out on a model of a seed sieve with holes of 2 mm. In the course of experiments, a post-harvest heap of winter wheat with natural clogging was used. The criterion for evaluating the efficiency of separation is the mass of seeding, and the specific feed and the angle of inclination of the sieve are the operating factors. The operational efficiency was established and the main performance indicators of the model were identified. The statistical mathematical model of the process allows us to assert the linear dependence of the criterion on the operating factors and to obtain a quantitative assessment of their influence on the process of cleaning the grain mixture. The surface of the response of the mass of the selected seeding from the specific loading of a unit of the sieve area and the angle of its inclination is constructed. An analysis of the regression equation and the response surface was carried out, during which design flaws were identified and tasks for further research were formulated. The factor that was found to be influential in the course of the previous experiments – the angle of inclination at the minimum value does not fully ensure guaranteed performance, since during the experiments clogging and accumulation of piles on the separating surface were periodically observed. An increase in the mass of the selected seeding is achieved by reducing the angle of the passive sieve to 17º and increasing the specific supply to 160 kg/dm2 ◌ּh. A decrease in feed worsens the sieving process, especially at a small angle of inclination of the sieve, however, according to the Student's test, it is not significant. The resulting non-classical dependence may indicate the imperfection of the layout, the influence of unforeseen factors, etc., and requires further research.