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  • Item type:Item,
    Вранспортування Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½Π° сої Π³Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ–Π΄ час збирання Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ–ΡΠ»ΡΠ·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΈ
    (ЦНВУ, 2018) ΠšΡƒΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π²ΡΡŒΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π’. Π›.; Π‘ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΡΡŒΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π’. М.; ΠŸΠ°Π»Ρ–ΠΉΡ‡ΡƒΠΊ, Π’. К.; ΠšΡƒΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π’. Π›.; Боровский, Π’. Н.; ΠŸΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉΡ‡ΡƒΠΊ, Π’. К.; Kulykivskyi, V.; Borovskyi, V.; PalΡ–ychuk, V.
    ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсу пСрСміщСння Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½Π° сої, Π³Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π° очисних машин, які Π±ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ– Π½Π° визначСння Ρ€Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… конструктивно-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π² транспортСрів. ВстановлСно, Ρ‰ΠΎ основний Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Π½Π° травмування Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»Ρƒ транспортСром ΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π·ΠΎΡ€ ΠΌΡ–ΠΆ Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ– ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠΌ, частота обСртання Π³Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρƒ Ρ‚Π° Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ насіння сої. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований тСхнологичСского процСсса пСрСмСщСния Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½Π° сои, Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… машин, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… конструктивно-тСхнологичСских ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² транспортСров. УстановлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ основноС влияниС Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° транспортСром ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Π·Π°Π·ΠΎΡ€ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠΌ, частота вращСния Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ Π²Π»Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ сСмян сои. When performing technological processes agricultural production the grain is repeatedly subjected to shocks, compression and friction, which is accompanied by damage to the surface and internal tissues of the seeds. The main cause of damage to the seeds is the mechanical action of the screw working bodies of the machines and tools during post-harvest processing, drying and transportation. A significant portion of damaged seeds appears already at the stage of soybean harvesting. The level of damage to the grain during harvesting depends on the perfection of the design of the harvesting machines, the modes of operation of their working bodies, the timing and methods of harvesting, and the physical and mechanical properties of the grain at the time of displacement. The purpose of the paper is to determine the dependence of the grain material injury on the parameters of screw feeders and to substantiate their optimal values. The greatest influence on the damage of grain material carries a gap between the turns of the screw working organ and the screw housing its approximation to the size of the grain particles leads to increased destruction of individual grains. The use of conveyors with a minimum gap between the screw and the housing allows reducing soybean grain damage by up to 0.2% as well as reducing the microscopic damage to seeds threefold while maintaining the maximum productivity of the process. Increasing the travel distance significantly affects the damage to the grain material. During the twofold transmission of soybean grain through a screw conveyor, the maximum damage to the seeds was 1.4 % of the total amount of transported grain. A doubling of the transportation distance led to a significant increase in grain damage, which reached 2.8 %. Damage to soybean grain by screw conveyors during harvesting depends on its humidity. With a high moisture content of the material, the screw working bodies deform the soybean seeds and the seed coat peels off. The decrease in humidity leads to a significant fragmentation of the grains by the working bodies of the conveyors. The optimal indicators of moisture content of soybean grain, in terms of the formation of macroscopic and microscopic damage to seeds, by a screw conveyor, are in the range of 13...15%.
  • Item type:Item,
    Вравмування Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»Ρƒ Π³Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡˆΠ½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π²
    (ЦНВУ, 2017) ΠšΡƒΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π²ΡΡŒΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π’. Π›.; ΠŸΠ°Π»Ρ–ΠΉΡ‡ΡƒΠΊ, Π’. К.; Π‘ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΡΡŒΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π’. М.; ΠšΡƒΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π’. Π›.; ΠŸΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉΡ‡ΡƒΠΊ, Π’. К.; Боровский, Π’. Н.; Kulykivskyi, V.; PalΡ–ychuk, V.; Borovskyi, V.
    ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π², які Π±ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ– Π½Π° визначСння Ρ€Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… конструктивно-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π² ΡˆΠ½Π΅ΠΊΡ–Π². ВстановлСно, Ρ‰ΠΎ основний Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Π½Π° травмування Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»Ρƒ Тивильником ΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π·ΠΎΡ€ ΠΌΡ–ΠΆ Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ– ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠΌ, частота обСртання Π³Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρƒ Ρ‚Π° ΠΊΡƒΡ‚ Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΈΠ»Ρƒ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ шнСка. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… конструктивно-тСхнологичСских ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² шнСков. УстановлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ основноС влияниС Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Π·Π°Π·ΠΎΡ€ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠΌ, частота вращСния Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ» Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π° транспортировочного шнСка. The purpose of the paper is to determine the dependence of the grain material injury on the parameters of screw feeders and to substantiate their optimal values. The greatest influence on the damage of grain material carries a gap between the turns of the screw working organ and the screw housing, its approximation to the size of the grain particles leads to increased destruction of individual grains. When the gap is less than the minimum size of the grains, it is practically not observed in the movement during the casing, and when the clearance is more than three average parts of the parts, a passively barely moving material layer forms on the bottom of the casing. The use of feeders with the minimum gap between the screw turns and the casing reduces grain damage by the screw working organ while maintaining the maximum process performance. Changing the angle of the screw feeder not only increases the specific energy consumption of the process, but also affects the growth of damage to the moving grain material.