Збірники наукових праць ЦНТУ

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Author: search.filters.author.Дейкун, В. А.Subject: search.filters.subject.efficiency

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    Огляд способів внесення та ефективності застосування мінеральних добрив
    (ЦНТУ, 2022) Дейкун, В. А.; Жук, Д. Г.; Мачок, Ю. В.; Deikun, V.; Zhuk, D.; Machok, Yu.
    У статті приводиться аналіз впливу різних способів внесення гранульованих мінеральних добрив на підвищення врожайності сільськогосподарських культур, існуючих способів їх внесення Приводяться переваги та недоліки вказаних способів, також розглянуто способи заробки добрив у грунт. Акцентовано увагу на локальному внесенні добрив, суміщеному з поверхневим обробітком грунту, та технічний засіб для його здійснення. The article provides an analysis of the influence of factors that influence the increase in the yield of agricultural crops, the importance of using mineral fertilizers and their effect on plants is indicated. An analysis of the existing methods of applying mineral fertilizers was carried out. The methods of applying fertilizers to the soil are considered, the advantages and disadvantages of these methods are given. The results of the scientists' research on the placement of mineral fertilizers applied by the method of surface scattering in the soil horizons after their cultivation by tillage tools are presented. Attention is focused on the local method of applying fertilizers, combined with surface cultivation of the soil, with combined tools. The methods of placement of mineral fertilizers, introduced by the intrasoil method, relative to the root system of cultivated plants and their effect on plants are considered. It was determined that the priority method of fertilizing is in-soil combined with surface tillage. An analysis of tillage tools that can be used for this operation is given. The design of the combined disk tool designed for this technological operation is presented. Design solutions that provide quality performance indicators of the proposed tool are indicated and attention is focused on its advantages over existing analogues. It has been established that a more promising way of increasing soil fertility and crop yield is the local application of granular mineral fertilizers combined with surface tillage. It is expected that the use of the proposed combined working body will allow to reduce the time for the execution of works due to the combination of operations of loosening the soil, applying fertilizers and their earnings, reducing the costs of mineral fertilizers and the general economic costs of obtaining crops.
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    Оцінка ефективності внесення туків підґрунтовим способом під ярий ячмінь
    (КНТУ, 2014) Дейкун, В. А.; Сало, В. М.; Васильковський, О. М.; Лещенко, Л. М.; Шепілова, Т. П.; Deykun, V.; Salo, V.; Vasilkovskiy, А.; Leschenko, S.; Shepilova, T.
    В статті наведені результати визначення ефективності підґрунтового внесення гранульованих мінеральних добрив у польових умовах. Здійснено порівняння запропонованого способу удобрення з класичним розкидним та встановлено раціональну норму внесення туків. The paper presents the results of determining the effectiveness of subsoil introduction granular mineral fertilizers in the field. To improve the efficiency of mineral fertilizers plants at the Department of Agricultural Engineering Kirovohrad National Technical University substantiated parameters and original design created fertilizer spreader device that allows high-quality disperse granular fertilizers in by paw space. Field tests of the proposed device fertilizer spreader conducted in Kirovohrad region. During the execution of sowing angle to the horizontal working body was 1, since this was made tillage to a depth of 8 cm (light disc harrows, combined with toothed). Working bodies were equipped spreader of parameters that provide the bulk supply of seed to a distance of 10 cm from the axis of the leg. After germination index uniformity determined by the classical method. Analysis of studies have shown that entering mineral fertilizers using tiller, equipped working with substantiated authority in the parameters is more effective than the traditional method of surface scattering and reduces the norms of their use by 40% compared with the recommended method when making scattering. In the article the results of determination of efficiency subsoil bringing of granular mineral fertilizers are presented in the field terms. Comparing of an offer subsoil method bringing different norms of complex fertilizers is executed to classic on an area 1,7 ha. During experiments efficiency of subsoil method bringing granular mineral fertilizers is set on the productivity of fervent barley. In addition, the got results of experiments testify to possibility of substantial decline norm bringing granular mineral fertilizers without the loss of the productivity.