Збірники наукових праць ЦНТУ
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://dspace.kntu.kr.ua/handle/123456789/1
Browse
2 results
Search Results
Item Діагностика міграційних настроїв населення у регіоні (мотиваційний аспект)(ЦНТУ, 2019) Семикіна, М. В.; Кабай, В. О.; Мельнік, А. В.; Бугаєва, М. В.; Семикина, М. В.; Кабай, В. О.; Мельник, А. В.; Бугаева, М. В.; Semikina, M.; Kabay, V.; Melnik, A.; Buhaieva, M.Стаття присвячена аналізу специфіки мотивації міграційної поведінки українців та оцінці особливостей міграційних настроїв на регіональному рівні. Розкрито сутність понять «мотивація міграційної поведінки» та «міграційні настрої» в контексті категорій мотиваційних теорій. Висвітлено загальну оцінку міграційної ситуації в Україні та її регіонах. Здійснено діагностику міграційних настроїв населення на прикладі Кіровоградського регіону шляхом соціологічного опитування. Визначено особливості мотивації міграційної поведінки населення та базові мотиватори трудової міграції молоді. Статья посвящена анализу специфики мотивации миграционного поведения украинцев и оценке особенностей миграционных настроений на региональном уровне. Раскрыта сущность понятий «мотивация миграционного поведения» и «миграционные настроения» в контексте категорий мотивационных теорий. Представлена общая оценка миграционной ситуации в Украине и ее регионах. Осуществлена диагностика миграционных настроений населения на примере Кировоградского региона путем социологического опроса. Определены особенности мотивации миграционного поведения населения и базовые мотиваторы трудовой миграции молодежи. The article is devoted to deepening the analysis of the specifics of motivation of migration behavior of Ukrainians and assessing the characteristics of migration moods at the regional level. In recent years the migration movement of Ukrainians has become widespread. This process threatens the loss of the labor potential of the country, poses a threat to the further innovative and economic development of the state and its regions. New realities require revision of approaches to functioning of motivational mechanisms of labor migration of the population, search for acceptable ways of regulating migration behavior from the standpoint of taking into account the interests of the state and its population. At the same time, there is still a lack of constant monitoring of the migration moods of the population, study of the peculiarities and specificity of the motives of migration behavior in different regions of the country to develop effective regulatory measures. The purpose of the article is to find out the essence of "motivation of migration behavior" and "migration sentiment" and to diagnose the migration moods of the population on the example of the Kirovograd region by means of a sociological survey. Generalization of modern scientific thoughts allows us to understand labor migration as the displacement of able-bodied population to other settlements, including abroad, which is due primarily to the motives for meeting urgent and perspective socio-economic needs. Among such needs, priority is usually given to avoiding threats to life, social risks, obtaining more income from work on a temporary (once, several times, regularly) or permanent basis. In Ukraine for a long time there is a phenomenon of deformation of motivational factors that impedes the effective realization and development of accumulated human capital, adversely affects the dynamics of GDP, the state of innovation development, weakens the labor and creative activity of employees. The current situation of ineffective motivation in the sphere of labor, first of all, extremely low pay, contradicts the declared goals of building the socially oriented market economy, complicates the movement of Ukraine towards European integration. The human capital with low pay for its owners, will lose its quality. There are limited and insufficient funds for its reproduction and development. The combination of these motivational conditions and factors has the multifaceted effect on the labor choices of the population, shaping the migration moods. Thus, the emergence of migratory attitudes and the activation of migration behavior of the population is determined by the influence of a variety of objective and subjective motivational factors. These factors affect labor behavior with different strengths, in different combinations, at different economic levels. They determine the priority formation and realization of motives for moving to other settlements, including abroad. The diagnosis of migratory moods of the population on the example of a sociological survey of student youth in the Kirovograd region made it possible to establish that the basic motivator of labor migration is the size of salary with a high degree of absolute dissatisfaction with the level of own incomes. We propose to improve the internal labor market by further raising the minimum wage and taking consistent steps to shade it, as well as by introducing new approaches to quality workplace, support for self-employment and entrepreneurship. Such measures will reduce the migration sentiment of the population as a whole, and of young people in particular.Item Аналіз тенденцій міграційного руху в Україні, оцінка його наслідків та загроз(ЦНТУ, 2018) Кабай, В. О.; Kabai, V.Стаття присвячена аналізу тенденцій міграційного руху в Україні та оцінці його ризиків і загроз. Визначено місце України серед найбільших донорів міжнародних мігрантів у світі. Обґрунтовано наслідки міграційних ризиків та небезпеку міграційного донорства України. Здійснено порівняльну оцінку масштабів та особливостей зовнішньої трудової міграції населення регіонів України. Здійснено SWOT-аналіз особливостей трудової міграції населення в контексті пріоритетів мотиваційного механізму її регулювання в Україні. Статья посвящена анализу тенденций миграционного движения в Украине и оценке его рисков и угроз. Определено место Украины среди крупнейших доноров международных мигрантов в мире. Обоснованны последствия миграционных рисков и опасности миграционного донорства Украины. Осуществлена сравнительная оценка масштабов и особенностей внешней трудовой миграции населения регионов Украины. Осуществлен SWOT-анализ особенностей трудовой миграции населения в контексте приоритетов мотивационного механизма ее регулирования в Украине. The geopolitical transformations that take place today in Ukraine influence the migration movement of the population. The visa-free regime between Ukraine and the EU significantly changed the intensity, nature and direction of labor migration. Against the backdrop of a sharp fall in living standards, rising unemployment and deep economic crisis in the middle of the country, employment abroad proved to be an effective way to solve life problems. The acquired experience of working outside of the homeland and the emerging migration networks also strengthen the migration sentiment. At the same time, the annexation of the Crimea and military actions in the East of the country caused large-scale forced displacement of the population to other regions in the middle of the state. Without being able to find a job at home, people were forced to migrate further abroad. Strengthening the asymmetry of the socio-economic development of regions under such conditions is a cornerstone, and migration processes can both solve and intensify it. Therefore, the assessment and analysis of the main trends of the external migration movement in Ukraine is of great importance. The purpose of the article is to deepen theoretical knowledge about the key trends of external migration movements in Ukraine, to evaluate these processes in the context of developing a motivational mechanism for their regulation and to determine the probable opportunities and threats that the existing dynamics have. The statement in the article suggests that the deepening of theoretical knowledge on the key trends of external migration movements in Ukraine is extremely important for developing an effective migration policy that takes into account national interests and strengthens the domestic labor market. Assessment of labor migration in terms of areas allows us to form a general vision of the environment for the motivation of labor migration. The current situation requires the development and operation of an effective mechanism for regulating the labor migration of the population of Ukraine, including the focus on the factors of its motivation. The prospects of further research are associated with the development of effective mechanisms for regulating the motivation of labor migration in the national interest, taking into account the regional tendencies in Ukraine and the world experience of foreign countries.