Збірники наукових праць ЦНТУ
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Item Державне регулювання аграрного кредитування в Наддніпрянській Україні в ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст.: сучасний науковий дискурс(ЦНТУ, 2021) Зайченко, В. В.; Попов, В. М.; Zaichenko, V.; Popov, V.Стаття присвячена дослідженню сучасного наукового дискурсу стосовно історії державного регулювання кредитних відносин в Наддніпрянській Україні в ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. Досліджено й проаналізовано три групи праць сучасних українських учених, зокрема дослідження, присвячені видатним економістам – теоретикам кредитування ХІХ – початку ХХ століття; праці з історії Селянського і Дворянського банків, відділення і контори яких діяли на території українських губерній; дослідження кооперативного кредитування. Доведено, що незважаючи на значну кількість наукових студій з історії кредитування в Наддніпрянській Україні в другій половині ХІХ на початку ХХ століття, у тому числі й аграрного кредитування, сьогодні переважають праці, які розкривають лише окремі аспекти цієї складної і важливої наукової проблеми без належної кооперації між представниками різних галузей знань. The purpose of the article is to consider the modern scientific discourse on agricultural lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries and to identify promising areas for further research on this issue. The authors used empirical and theoretical methods of scientific research in particular methods of analysis and synthesis, the method of scientific abstraction, and others characteristic methods of research on economic history to achieve this goal and implement the corresponding research tasks. In recent years, a body of diverse scientific research of historians, economists and lawyers has appeared in Ukraine in which these problems are considered. These works differ both in the depth of study of the problem of agricultural lending and in the range of studied issues. The entire body of works of modern Ukrainian scientists, which forms the modern scientific discourse on the history of agricultural lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century, consists of three groups including in particular : 1) research, which are devoted to outstanding economists and theorists of lending of the 19th - early 20th century; 2) works on the history of the Peasant and Noble banks, branches and offices of which operated on the territory of the Ukrainian governorates; 3) research of cooperative crediting. We are obliged to note that despite a significant amount of scientific research on the history of lending (including agricultural lending) in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, today prevail works devoted only to certain aspects of this complex and important scientific problem, without proper cooperation between representatives of various branches of knowledge. In the authors' view, synectics that is scientific cooperation of representatives of various specialties: economists, historians and lawyers, should become promising in studying the history of agricultural lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. It allows to solve such a complex scientific problem comprehensively and considering the economic component (determination of the most optimal scientifically grounded lending methods) and the historical as well as anthropological approach and the study of the legal regulation of credit relations. In our opinion, it is exactly the kind of approach, that allows not only to study the problem of the history of agricultural lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th and early 20th century comprehensively, but also to offer modern lenders a mechanism for developing balanced and affordable credit products that will stimulate the development of the agricultural sector and the economy of Ukraine as a whole.Item Розвиток дрібного кредитування у Наддніпрянській Україні у другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ сторіч(ЦНТУ, 2020) Орлик, М. В.; Orlyk, M.Розглянуто особливості організації закладів дрібного кредиту та досліджено механізми кредитування ощадно-позичковими та кредитними товариствами, які діяли у Наддніпрянській Україні у другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. Здійснено аналіз наукової спадщини представників економічної думки досліджуваного періоду з даної проблеми. Проаналізовано еволюційний розвиток закладів дрібного кредитування, а також встановлено їх роль у кредитній системі Наддніпрянської України. У результаті дослідження двох типів закладів дрібного кредиту – ощадно-позичкових товариств та кредитних товариств, доведено, що вони мали ознаки кооперативних товариств. Обґрунтовано, що головною характерною особливістю ощадно-позичкових товариств було формування пайового капіталу на основі пайових внесків, що посилювало взаємну відповідальність кожного члена товариства та підвищувало зацікавленість у прибутковій діяльності товариства. The aim of the article is to consider the peculiarities of the organization of small loan institutions and to investigate the mechanism of lending by loan-saving partnership and loan association operating in the Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries. It was analyzed the scientific heritage of the economic thought's representatives in the studied period. Both general scientific and special methods of scientific research were used to solve the tasks that were set as the purpose of the research. System and structural approaches, analysis, method of scientific abstraction, comparison, synthesis, and analysis were used during writing the article. The article analyzes the evolutionary development of small lending institutions, as well as establishes their role in the credit system of Dnieper Ukraine. The establishment of small loan institutions on the shared responsibility basis was a highly effective way to unite the Ukrainian peasantry for finding the necessary money to buy land and meet agricultural needs. The main premise of creation such credit societies was the absence of the banking system at the time of the introduction of Emancipation Reform of Alexander II. The only state bank (Peasants' Land Bank) that could serve the peasantry was founded with a great delay - in 1882, while the urgent need to credit peasants arose during the agrarian reform of 1861. Joint-stock banks, for its part, were not able to develop small peasant loans due to organizational difficulties and problems with allotment of land’s valuation, and so on. Local authorities provided important impetus for increasing the organizational activity of the peasantry in the field of small credit in the early stages, but the small loan institutions, only after the implementation of the required legislative framework, begin to play an important role in the credit services market in Naddnieper Ukraine. As a result of the study two types of small credit institutions: loan-saving partnership and loan association, it was proved that they had the characteristics of cooperatives. It is proved that the main characteristic feature of loan-saving partnership was the formation of ownership capital based on share contributions, which strengthened the mutual responsibility of each member of the partnership and increased interest in the profitable activities of the partnership. The results of this study can be used in teaching courses related to economic theory and the history of economic thought. And it can form the basis for studying the prospects for further agrarian reforms aimed at supporting small agricultural entrepreneurship. Рассмотрены особенности организации учреждений мелкого кредита и исследованы механизмы кредитования ссудо-сберегательными и кредитными товариществами, которые действовали в Поднепровской Украине во второй половине XIX - начале ХХ веков. Проведен анализ научного наследия представителей экономической мысли исследуемого периода по данной проблеме. Проанализировано эволюционное развитие учреждений мелкого кредитования, а также установлена их роль в кредитной системе Поднепровской Украине. В результате исследования двух типов учреждений мелкого кредита - ссудо-сберегательных товариществ и кредитных обществ, доказано, что они имели признаки кооперативных обществ. Обосновано, что главной характерной особенностью ссудо-сберегательных товариществ было формирование паевого капитала на основе долевых взносов, что усиливало взаимную ответственность каждого члена общества и повышало заинтересованность в прибыльной деятельности общества.Item Управління проектами банку в період трансформації(ЦНТУ, 2018) Гамалій, В. Ф.; Мугденко, Т. В.; Гамалий, В. Ф.; Gamaliy, V.; Muhdenko, Т.У статті досліджується управління проектами банку в період трансформації. Проаналізовано сутність трансформації. Визначено ключові фактори, які гальмують сталий розвиток банківської системи. Проаналізовано вплив глобалізаційних процесів. Досліджено гнучку методологію управління проектами Scrum. Проаналізовано особливості застосування Scrum. Створено модель застосування Scrum в проектній діяльності банків. В статье исследуется управления проектами банка в период трансформации. Проанализирована сущность трансформации. Определены ключевые факторы, которые тормозят устойчивое развитие банковской системы. Проанализировано влияние глобализационных процессов. Исследована гибкая методология управления проектами Scrum. Проанализированы особенности применения Scrum. Создана модель применения Scrum в проектной деятельности банков. The article deals with the management of banking projects in the transformation period. The purpose of the article is to study the characteristics of the banking system's transformational processes and to analyze the flexible methodology of management in order to improve the existing approach to project management of the bank. The article analyzes the essence of transformation. The nature of the transformational processes was examined and the main goal of transformation was established. The essence of transformation of the banking system is analyzed. In particular, it was established that transformational processes are most clearly manifested in modern trends aimed at stimulating processes of concentration and centralization of capital in the banking sector. The key factors that hinder the sustainable development of the banking system are identified. The article explains how the banking system should change in order to minimize negative impacts and ensure sustainable economic growth. Interconnection of processes of globalization and transformation is established. The changes which are taking place in the banking sector under the influence of globalization are established. Taking into account the current trends in the development of the banking system of Ukraine, it was determined that a number of activities related to the transformation of the banking system, based on such principles as global conditions of global development, national priorities, the real state of the economy and society, should be carried out. In addition, the strategic directions of restoration of a competitive and efficient banking system are revealed. The essence of project management in the conditions of transformation is analyzed. It is determined that in an unstable environment it is better to apply flexible methods of project management. Classical approaches to project management are already somewhat obsolete and do not correspond to the current level of economic development, while flexible management methods allow to respond quickly to changes in the environment. Therefore, when managing the bank's projects in the transformation period, it is necessary to apply the most flexible methods. The article analyzes the features of the Scrum application. The process of splitting the project into sprints is analyzed. The peculiarities of the project team formation were identified and the main roles of the project. The functional purpose of the Product Owner, Scrum Master and Scrum Team is defined. The essence of the main project documents is described. The organization of work on the project on the Scrum methodology was analyzed, in particular, features of conducting of daily meetings were determined. The basic directions and issues that are considered at these meetings and their appointment are established. The process of conducting retrospective meetings was analyzed. The article outlines the basic principles of Scrum: transparency, inspection, adaptation. It is determined how these principles are implemented in practice. The article substantiates the expediency of using Scrum in the management of bank projects. It was found that using Scrum project management will allow the bank to minimize the negative impact of transformation processes. The distribution of sprints helps to reduce the adverse effects of uncertainty. A model that demonstrates how project management in a bank will occur when using Scrum has been created. This model demonstrates how to combine the already existing approach to project management used in the bank and Scrum. The created model of project management will allow detailed planning of the project in line with the usual directions for the project executives, implement the workflow more efficiently and optimize the response process to changes through the use of the Scrum methodology toolkit. Whereas, the division is carried out for short periods of time, it is much easier to track the trends inherent in the implementation of the project than to predict them in the long run. Also, the article describes the main elements of the model, namely: input, output, control, mechanism. Application of this model for managing the bank's projects will reduce the level of bureaucratization of the project, more efficiently organize communication between the participants and reduce the time of implementation of the project. Scrum methodology does not require detailed risk planning at the start of the project as it is monitored throughout the life cycle of the project. Further research is advisable to focus on detailing project management with the use of Scrum, as well as possibly deepening research to analyze other peculiarities of banking activities that may have an impact on projects.Item Банківський сектор як елемент системи протидії легалізації та відмивання доходів, отриманих злочинним шляхом(ЦНТУ, 2018) Коцюрба, О. Ю.; Kotsiurba, О.У статті розглянуто роль та місце банківського сектору в системі протидії легалізації та відмивання доходів, отриманих злочинним шляхом. Проведено аналіз механізмів залучення банківських установ до відмивання злочинних доходів в залежності від їх форми. За результатами аналізу визначено шляхи мінімізації ризиків залучення банків до процесу відмивання «брудних коштів» та подальшого розвитку системи протидії легалізації та відмивання доходів, отриманих злочинним шляхом. В статье рассмотрена роль и место банковского сектора в системе противодействия легализации и отмывания доходов, полученных преступным путем. Проведен анализ механизмов привлечения банковских учреждений к отмыванию преступных доходов в зависимости от их формы. На основании результатов анализа определены пути минимизации рисков привлечения банков к процессу отмывания «грязных денег» и дальнейшего развития системы противодействия легализации и отмывания доходов, полученных преступным путем.The article notes that the legal basis of the anti-money laundering and laundering system is the law enforcement block and the financial monitoring unit, which includes banking institutions, and defined the role and place of the banking sector in it. Banking institutions are the leaders in the number of reports of dubious financial transactions to the State Financial Monitoring Service, which determines their central role in the counteraction to the legalization and laundering of proceeds from crime. Criminal proceeds in cash form are a result of unlawful activities, while criminal proceeds in non-cash form are obtained because of legitimate activities, in which fraud, theft of budget funds or abuse of official duties were committed. Taking into account the forms of obtaining illegal proceeds, criminals choose different methods and ways of incomes legalization. Thus, cash proceeds are placed in the banking system by intermediaries through the structuring of cash transactions, falsification of documents, the creation of collective accounts, money swaps and other, and cashless by conversion centers through the conclusion of fictitious contracts, the use of schemes with "garbage" securities, services «pseudo-insurance» are transformed into cash. Further, as a rule, in order to break the connection between criminals and the crime, the money is withdrawn abroad and returned to the economy in the legal form. According to the analysis, it was determined that the greatest risks for banking institutions in servicing legal entities are transactions in money transfer, non-equity securities transactions and cash servicing; in the service of individuals - transactions for the transfer of funds, including foreign currency, transactions with bank cards and accounts. Recommendations on the creation of a mechanism for internal control to counteract the legalization of criminal incomes through taking into account recognized intrabank tools "know about the client everything" and "know your employees", will reduce the risks of using the banking sector to legalize the proceeds from crime.Item Актуальні аспекти забезпечення економічної безпеки банківських установ(КНТУ, 2013) Сторожук, О. В.; Заярнюк, О. В.; Storozhuk, O.; Zaiarniuk, O.В статті розглянуті деякі аспекти забезпечення економічної безпеки банківських установ. Досліджені джерела загроз економічній безпеці банків. Зроблено висновок, що метою побудови ефективної системи управління економічною безпекою банківської установи є нейтралізація негативного впливу виявлених загроз на її діяльність. The purpose of article is researchtoaspects of the banks economic security. Banks are required to keep a track of all the internal and external threats to the effective management of economic security.Important are the internal sources. They are associated with possible changes in the potential resources of the bank.The authors analyzes and identifies the sources of threats to the bankseconomic security. The authors concluded that the goal of an effective system of management of the economic security of the institution is to neutralize the negative impact of threats on his activities,