Збірники наукових праць ЦНТУ
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Item Експериментальне дослідження деформації пружно-гвинтового хона(ЦНТУ, 2022) Щербина, К. К.; Підгаєцький, М. М.; Мажара, В. А.; Гречка, А. І.; Дяченко, Т. В.; Shcherbyna, K.; Pidhaietskyii, M.; Mazhara, V.; Hrechka, A.; Dyachenko, T.В статі описується процес регулювання радіального розміру пружно-гвинтового хона, який відбувається на підставі пружних деформацій замкненого гвинтового тіла. Розглядаються математичні моделі процесу деформації пружно-гвинтового хону в осьовому напрямку при статичних навантаженнях в умовах додаткового опору пружнім деформаціям. В результаті експериментального дослідження пружно-гвинтового хона визначена теоретична та експериментальна залежність величини приросту діаметра та сили деформації від осьової пружної деформації. Також представлені математичні моделі отримані в результаті проведеного експериментального дослідження залежності приросту діаметра від величини прикладеної сили та осьового пружного переміщення. One of the important issues in the development of agricultural engineering is to increase the efficiency of finishing processes of machining the surfaces of controlling parts of the hydraulic machines equipment and the fuel system of internal combustion engines. High accuracy and quality of parts influence the performance of functional indicators and the consistency of their performance. One of the processes of finishing machining is honing of precision holes. The factor that impacts the accuracy and quality of the machined hole is the ability to influence the process of formation of macrogeometry and microgeometry due to the flexibility of the process. The quality of the micro-relief is influenced by the kinematics of the formation of a grid of traces. The formation of macrogeometry, in turn, is influenced by the principle of formation of geometric production lines, taking into account copying of existing deviations and the transfer of wear of diamond-abrasive bars. To level the impact of existing deviations of the machined hole it is necessary to carry out a flexible control of the process of adjusting the radial size. To ensure the flexibility of the process of honing holes, a helix honing tool is proposed, which eliminates the shortcomings of the existing diamond-abrasive tool by using elastic deformations to increase the radial size and placement of diamond-abrasive bars at an angle of 45º. To study the process of adjusting the radial size of the helix honing tool, the calculated scheme of elastic deformation of the geometric axis and a mathematical model describing the deformation process are presented. An experimental setup of the deformation of the helix honing tool in the axial direction is also given. As a result of the experimental study of the helix honing tool, the theoretical and experimental dependence of the magnitude of the increase in diameter and the force of deformation on the axial elastic deformation is determined. There are also mathematical models obtained as a result of the experimental study of the dependence of the diameter increase on the magnitude of the applied force and axial elastic displacement.Item Підвищення ефективності конструкції кованого дворогого гака(ЦНТУ, 2022) Портнов, Г. Д.; Тихий, А. А.; Дарієнко, В. В.; Пукалов, В. В.; Portnov, G.; Tykhyi, А.; Dariienko, V.; Pukalov, V.Запропоноване вдосконалення вантажних дворогих гаків ГОСТ 6628-73, яке теоретично дозволяє зменшити масу на 7% при збереженні експлуатаційних властивостей. Проведено аналіз впливу форми кованого дворогого гака на його ефективність. Побудована модель для вивчення напружено – деформованого стану кранового гака в умовах максимального навантаження, придатна до утворення конфігурацій номерів гака. Визначені найменш навантажені елементи моделі за допомогою візуалізації розподілених напружень. An improvement of standard cargo two-horned hooks is proposed, which theoretically allows to reduce the weight by 7% while maintaining performance. The analysis of influence of the form of the forged two-horned hook on its efficiency is carried out. The model for studying the stress - strain state of the crane hook under conditions of maximum load, suitable for the formation of configurations of hook numbers. The modeling of solid objects is carried out, which allows to analyze the structures made according to the scheme of the curved beam with an accuracy greater than that allowed by the theoretical calculation. The least loaded elements of the model are determined by visualization of distributed stresses. Comparison of world standards of two-horned hooks shows a significant difference in material efficiency with the same classes and groups of classification. To study the stress - strain state of the crane hook under conditions of maximum load in the program SolidWorks built a model suitable for the formation of hook configurations. The stress-strain state of the models was determined for two load variants. The load on both hooks of the hook is distributed evenly and the load is suspended on one horn. Experience in the operation of standardized hooks has determined the ergonomics of the surfaces of products in contact with the rafter equipment. The geometric ratios of the cross-sectional dimensions of the hooks, as well as the threaded part can be considered determined theoretically and experimentally as optimal. It is reasonable to remove part of the material of the middle part of the hook. The strength criterion was the coefficient of safety margin. It is acceptable to reduce the value of K of the newly developed model by 5% of the K model of the hook. Making a hole in the model changes the ratio of the stiffness of its elements, which leads to a change in the load pattern. The process of choosing the shape of the hole is iterative. The stress distribution in the elements of the model at different load variants with the indication of the minimum value of the safety factor K is presented. When developing design documentation for a two-horned hook with holes should take into account the ratio of the parameters of the holes with the characteristic size of the throat.Item Вплив форми кованого однорогого гака на його ефективність(ЦНТУ, 2021) Портнов, Г. Д.; Тихий, А. А.; Дарієнко, В. В.; Пукалов, В. В.; Portnov, G.; Tykhyi, A.; Dariienko, V.; Pukalov, V.Виконано аналіз геометричних параметрів вантажного кованого однорогого гаку. Обґрунтовано конструктивні параметри виробу шляхом дослідження напруженого стану твердотільної моделі гака. Запропонована лінійка вантажних гаків зі зміненою формою перерізів, яка теоретично дозволяє зменшити масу на 10% при збереженні вантажопідйомності. Запропонована заміна прямолінійних сторін трапеції перерізів на криволінійні. The article analyzes the cargo forged unicorn hook. The design parameters of the product are substantiated by building a solid model of the hook. The line of cargo hooks with the changed form of sections which theoretically allows to reduce weight by 10% at preservation of loading capacity is offered. Comparison of standards shows that at equal loading capacity at identical classes and groups of classification the size and mass characteristics of products differ in times, and not in all cases in favor of standard hooks. Operational tests show that the shape of the hook must ensure its minimum weight with sufficient strength, if possible the same in all sections when the operating conditions and manufacturing technology. It was found that the contours of the upper and lower parts of the cross sections of the hooks are not subject to change. The geometric ratios of the cross-sectional dimensions of the hooks, as well as the threaded part can be considered determined theoretically and experimentally as optimal. Changing the contour is carried out by replacing the rectilinear sides of the trapezoid sections with curved ones. The obtained pictures of stress distribution in the hook body make it possible to choose the path of design optimization in the direction of changing the contours of the equatorial and meridional sections of the fourth quadrant of the hook contour. The proposed change of the contour is carried out by replacing the rectilinear sides of the trapezoidal sections with curved ones. The stress-strain state with visualization and stress distribution is presented, the parameters of the hook are substantiated by building a solid model in the CAD complex Solidworks. The study of the stress distribution pattern made it possible to propose cross-sectional shapes with the subsequent calculation of the stress-strain state of the created model. Material consumption efficiency due to the optimization increases by 10.8% without reducing the load capacity. The changes in the maximum displacement in the proposed model are insignificant (2.55 mm vs. 2.33 mm in the model GOST 2105-75). Recommendations proposed based on the study of one model configuration can be extended to others, taking into account the technology of manufacturing the product.