Техніка в сільськогосподарському виробництві, галузеве машинобудування, автоматизація. Випуск 30. - 2017

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    Технологія виготовлення порожнин високоміцних гайок спеціального призначення
    (ЦНТУ, 2017) Сіса, О. Ф.; Пукалов, В. В.; Юр’єв, В. В.; Sisa, O.; Pukalov, V.; Yuryev, V.
    Виконано обґрунтування технологічної схеми формоутворення поверхонь порожнини високоміцної гайки спеціального призначення, способом розмірної обробки електричною дугою з урахуванням особливостей фізичних механізмів їх утворення та гідродинамічних явищ в міжелектродному проміжку. Встановлені аналітичні зв’язки технологічних характеристик процесу розмірної обробки електричною дугою сталі 20Г2Р з режимами обробки і геометричними параметрами. The article is devoted to the development of technology and equipment for the method of electric arc machining of cavities of high-strength screw-nuts for special purposes, as a highly effective alternative to traditional methods of processing. In the conditions of a single and small-scale production, high-strength nuts of special purpose with an internal cavity under a special key for tightening are used to assemble and fasten the critical elements of mining equipment, therefore it is economically disadvantageous to use the technology of stamping such nuts because of the high cost of the die tooling. The technology for manufacturing of special screw-nuts consists of two basic operations: obtaining a special nut billet and forming an internal special profile. An important factor in increasing the load-bearing capacity of high-loaded high-strength screw-nuts is to increase the elasticity of the thread. This is ensured by the grade of material and the quality of the steel billet. When developing technology and equipment, it is necessary to take into account the conditions that will ensure the production of high-quality threads and the formation of a reinforced cavity under a special tightening key with an appropriate surface roughness. Therefore, the method of dimensional processing by electric arc makes it possible to obtain hardened cavities with an appropriate roughness for a special tightening key. It is established that the optimal parameters of the walls of the cavities of high-strength screw-nuts of special purpose at processing capacity M = 6010 mm³ / min., dimensional electric arc, there is a roughness Ra = 6,3..21 mkm, which provides the necessary geometric dimensions and surface quality. It is proposed to receive cavities of high-strength screw-nuts of special purpose with a dimensional electric arc with a given roughness Ra = 6,3..21 mkm, side walls, which allows you to shoot large material allowances with the least time spent on processing. At the same time, the treatment cycle of the cavity of high-strength screw-nuts for special purposes decreased 10 times. The feasibility study of the technological scheme for the formation of cavities of high-strength screw-nuts of a special purpose by the method of dimensional processing by an electric arc is made, taking into account the features of the physical mechanism of formation and hydrodynamic phenomena in the interelectrode gap. Analytical links of technological characteristics to the process of dimensional processing by an electric arc of steel 20G2Р, with processing modes and geometrical parameters are established.
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    Особливості електричної дуги в поперечному потоці рідини
    (ЦНТУ, 2017) Носуленко, В. І.; Шмельов, В. М.; Nosulenko, V.; Shmelyov, V.
    Описано електричну дугу в поперечному потоці рідини. Наведено повна система рівнянь, що описує модель електродугової плазми, яка рухається, з умови припущення рівності температур усіх її компонентів. Основною задачею дослідження стало вивчення і опис особливостей і характеру взаємодії дуги з поперечним потоком рідини. Наведено кадри швидкісної кінозйомки дуги, що горить в поперечному потоці рідини в умовах розмірної обробки електричною дугою, яка переміщується по поверхні електродів, причому переміщення дуги носить дискретний характер, тобто дуга після деякого вистоювання на місці переміщується на іншу, частіше ближню ділянку, або ж виникає в іншому місці поміж електродами. The paper purpose - Development of theoretical bases of an electric arc in a cross flow of fluid. Studying and the description of features and character of interaction of an arch with a cross flow of fluid. In a paper describes an arc in a cross flow of fluid. Shows the complete system of equations that describes the model of electric arc plasma, moving from the condition that of equality of the temperatures of all her components. Shows frames from high-speed filming burning arc in a cross flow of fluid in conditions of dimensional processing by an electric arc, which moves along the surface of the electrodes, moving in an arc is discrete, that is, the arc after some standing in place moves to another, usually the nearest land, or arises in a different place between the electrodes. Describes an electric arc in a cross flow of fluid as a source of magnetic energy. Described triangle interconversion energy magnetic, power, energy fields.
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    Електродугове різання металів бідротовим електродом-інструментом
    (ЦНТУ, 2017) Боков, В. М.; Bokov, V.
    Запропоновано та досліджено високопродуктивний спосіб електродугового різання металів бідротовим електродом-інструментами. Розроблено концепцію проектування експериментального верстата, що реалізує даний спосіб різання. The goal of the work is to develop a new way of electric arc metal cutting with electrode tool wear compensation and to develop a machine design concept. In this new of electric arc metal cutting that is proposed, a new cut shaping technology scheme, in which the electric arc is excited in the hydrodynamic flow of the working fluid between an electrode-blank and a composite electrode-tool, is used. This electrode-tool includes two parallel wires, which are pulled over the convex surface of the electrode holder. The work fluid is pumped into the cutting zone under a process pressure the electrode holder and into the gap between the wires; the size of the gap is less or equal two interelectrode end backlashes. This allows conducting the cutting process without the formation of technological protrusion between wires. Distinctive features of a new cut shaping technology scheme are reflected in a machine design concept, which ensures the following: optimal process conditions in the cutting zone, minimal cut width, maximum possible cutting performance, parallel pulling and tensioning of the two wires in the cutting zone, wire in pulling speed adjustment, cutting depth monitoring, optimum wear of the bi-wire electrode-tool. This article proposes and examines a high performance way of electric arc metal cutting with bi-wire electrode-tool. The physical cutting mechanism is described. Machine design concept, which implements this method, is developed. Experimental machine «Knife-1» for electric arc hard materials cutting with bi-wire electrode-tool is designed, manufactured and examined.