Економічний факультет
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Item Методологія, методика, метод: сутність понять та особливості їх прояву у сфері податкового планування, аналізу та аудиту(Гельветика, 2023) Лисенко, А. М.; Акімов, С. С.; Чадай, Ю. В.; Lysenko, A.; Akimov, S.; Chadai, Yu.В роботі досліджено сучасні наукові підходи до трактування сутності понять «методологія», «методика», «метод», а також особливості їх прояву в сфері податкового планування, аналізу та аудиту. Автори розглянули методологію як багаторівневе утворення, що формується із сукупності пов’язаних між собою та ієрархічно підпорядкованих складових компонентів, виокремили у її складі закони та основні категорії діалектики, загальнонаукові принципи та методи дослідження, методи досліджень, використовувані у міждисциплінарних рамках та у межах вивчення конкретних дисциплін, закони й категорії окремих наук. У методології податкового планування, аналізу та аудиту запропоновано виокремлювати загальну, спеціальну та приватну складові. Також автори систематизували компоненти методики та узагальнили сфери використання методів податкового планування, аналізу та аудиту. The work examines modern scientific approaches to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of "methodology", "methodology", "method", as well as the peculiarities of their manifestation in the field of tax planning, analysis and audit. The authors considered the methodology as a multi-level entity formed from a set of interrelated and hierarchically subordinate components (general scientific methodology based on a combination of philosophy and scientific concept; interdisciplinary methodologies that combine certain fields of knowledge; sectored and disciplinary methodologies, the components of which there are, in particular, the methodologies of tax planning, analysis, and auditing), identified in its composition the laws and main categories of dialectics, general scientific principles and research methods, research methods used in interdisciplinary frameworks and within the study of specific disciplines, laws and categories of individual sciences. It is proposed to define methodology as a systematized set of ideas regarding the use of certain methods within a certain scientific approach, and methodology as a description of the research process itself using various methods (techniques, methods) of research, as well as an established sequence of rules and tools. In the methodology of tax planning, analysis and audit, it is proposed to distinguish a general component (which defines a philosophical approach to understanding the processes and phenomena occurring in the environment, the place and role of tax planning, analysis and audit in it), a special component (principles) and a private component (methods and techniques). The authors singled out the generalized components of the research methodology in the field of tax planning, analysis and audit (formulation of the purpose and tasks of the research; definition of the object, subject of the research, development of indicators; composition of the information base; selection of research methods (techniques, methods); implementation of analytical and audit procedures, planning and forecasting calculations; development of final documentation, interpretation of results, formulation of conclusions; control over the implementation of results), systematized the components of the methodology and summarized the areas of use of tax planning, analysis and audit methods.Item Відносини податкових органів і платників податків у країнах-членах ОЕСР в умовах глобалізації(Sergeieva&Co, 2022) Пугаченко, О. Б.; Puhachenko, O.У статті розглянуто відносини податкових органів і платників податків у країнах-членах ОЕСР (Австралія, Бельгія, Великобританія, Ізраїль, Ірландія, Італія, Німеччина, США, Фінляндія, Франція, Швейцарія, Швеція тощо). Досліджено принципи на основі яких відбувається діяльність податкових органів. З’ясовано, що однією з поширених форм діяльності податкових органів в іноземних податкових системах є інститут попереднього податкового регулювання. Наголошено, що податкове законодавство багатьох економічно розвинених країн-членів ОЕСР відрізняється детальним доопрацюванням, а податкове право посідає важливе місце в юридичній системі зарубіжних країн. Peculiarities of relations between tax authorities and taxpayers in Australia, Belgium, Great Britain, Israel, Ireland, Italy, Germany, USA, Finland, France, Switzerland, Sweden, etc. have been considered. The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of cooperation between tax authorities and taxpayers in OECD member countries in order to take into account foreign experience with the aim of improving tax relations in Ukraine. The basic principles with which the activities of tax authorities take place have been studied. It has been found that one of the common forms of activity of tax authorities in foreign tax systems is the institute of preliminary tax regulation. It has been emphasized that the tax legislation of many economically developed OECD member countries differs in detailed refinement, and tax law takes an important place in the legal system of foreign countries. It has been established that cooperation with control bodies takes place at the expense of improving the relationship between taxpayers and tax authorities, and well-organized tax legal relations have a positive effect on increasing the compliance of taxpayers with the law, their voluntary payment of taxes and the growth of tax revenues.Item Податкове стимулювання діяльності суб’єктів господарювання в умовах воєнного стану в Україні(Sergeieva&Co, 2022) Фоміна, Т. В.; Пугаченко, О. Б.; Fomina, T.; Puhachenko, O.У статті розглянуто напрямки податкового стимулювання діяльності суб’єктів господарювання за умов воєнного стану в Україні. Обґрунтовано необхідність введення та законодавчий порядок визнання особливого правового режиму – воєнний стан. Узагальнено зміни у частині адміністрування податків і зборів й особливості справляння окремих їх видів за умов воєнного стану в Україні. Розглянуто специфіку подання звітності, визначення об’єктів оподаткування, нарахування та сплати податку на прибуток підприємств, ПДВ, акцизного й екологічного податку та місцевих податків (на майно і єдиний). Описано порядок переходу на тимчасовий режим спрощеного оподаткування за ставкою 2 відсотка та особливості його застосування в умовах воєнного стану. The directions of tax incentives for business entities under martial status in Ukraine are considered in the article. The purpose of the article is to study the trends of tax incentives for businesses during martial status in Ukraine by liberalizing the conditions of entrepreneurial activity and reducing its taxation. The authors substantiate the need for the introduction and recognition of the martial status as a special legal regime at the legislative procedure. The changes in the administration of taxes and fees and the peculiarities of the collection of some of their types under martial status in Ukraine are summarized. The specifics of reporting, determining the objects of taxation, accrual and payment of corporate income tax, value added tax, excise and environmental tax and some local taxes are considered. The procedure for transition to the temporary regime of simplified taxation at the rate of 2 percent and the peculiarities of its application during martial status are described. Currently in Ukraine, a number of preferential conditions for the taxation of income of individuals, their payment of property and other taxes have been introduced at the legislative level. The government provides incentives for the development of certain sectors of the economy (for example agribusiness, construction), simplified and soft loans, various types of assistance to internally displaced persons, compensation to homeowners for the temporary accommodation of such persons and more. After the war, a number of such innovations should be abandoned, and some should be reformatted, as the post-war formation and rehabilitation of the economy will also take some time and will require state support.Item Technology for the Substantiation of Main Principles and Approaches to the Formation and Evaluation of Information Supporting System about Company`s Tax Capacity(University of Economic, 2020) Kuzmenko, H.; Shalimova, N.; Lysenko, A.; Кузьменко, Г. І.; Шалімова, Н. С.; Лисенко, А. М.Using of the new technology for principles of forming the system of information about tax capacity are grouped and the directions of activity of the enterprise are identified, in view of which it is expedient to establish criteria for assessing its efficiency. The lists of basic principles (unity, objectivity, competence, probability and periodicity) and additional principles (dynamism, rationality, conformity, control) have been substantiated. The system of indicators and criteria of the formalized expression of efficiency is offered. The list of indicators made it possible to build the system (vector) of criteria requirements to ensure the effectiveness of information about the tax capacity of a business entity.Item Отражение данных о связанных сторонах и операциях с ними в налоговом учете(International Scientific Refereed & Reviewed Journal, 2020) Shalimova, N.; Klymenko, Ya.; Шалімова, Н. С.; Клименко, Я. В.; Шалимова, Н. С.; Клименко, Я. В.The article analyzes the regulatory framework of Ukraine on the peculiarities of tax accounting of transactions with related parties. Particular attention is paid to the study of the criteria for recognition of business entities as related parties in accordance with the Tax Code of Ukraine. The formula for determining the indicator of the company's share in the authorized capital of another with indirect ownership of corporate rights has been improved. It is proposed to define the category of close relatives and family members of an individual, which will unify the approaches to this category of persons in domestic legislation. В статье проанализировано нормативную базу Украины относительно особенностей налогового учета операций со связанными сторонами. Особое внимание уделено исследованию критериев признания субъектов хозяйствования связанными сторонами в соответствии с нормами Налогового кодекса Украины. Усовершенствована формула определения показателя доли предприятия в уставном капитале другого при опосредованном владении корпоративными правами. Предложено определение категории близких родственников и членов семьи физического лица, которое позволит унифицировать подходы к данной категории лиц в законодательстве Украины.Item Information Supporting System about Tax Capacity of a Company and its Efficiency: Principles of Formation and Evaluation(The Baltic Scientific Journals, 2020) Kuzmenko, H.; Shalimova, N.; Lysenko, A.; Кузьменко, Г. І.; Шалімова, Н. С.; Лисенко, А. М.; Кузьменко, Г. И.; Шалимова, Н. С.; Лысенко, А. Н.The principles of forming the system of information about tax capacity are grouped and the directions of activity of the enterprise are identified, in view of which it is expedient to establish criteria for assessing its efficiency. The formation of information about tax capacity of an enterprise should occur not chaotically, but according to certain principles. The lists of basic principles (unity, objectivity, competence, probability and periodicity) and additional principles (dynamism, rationality, conformity, control) have been substantiated. The system of indicators and criteria of the formalized expression of efficiency is offered. The list of indicators made it possible to build the system (vector) of criteria requirements to ensure the effectiveness of information about the tax capacity of a business entity. It has been proved that in assessing the effectiveness of the information supporting system on tax capacity of the entity, the impact of time and cost criteria, as well as other non-measurable parameters should be taken into account. The proposed approach to assessing the effectiveness of the current information supporting system on the taxpayer's capacity will allow assessing alternative information systems in terms of the effectiveness of their implementation.Item Priorities of Regional Development in the Taxation of Agricultural Producers and Distribution of State Financial Support in the Context of Ensuring Innovative Development of the Region(Kalmosani, 2019) Shalimov, V.; Шалімова, Н. С.; Магопець, О. А.; Шалімов, В. В.; Shalimova, N.; Magopets, O.The purpose of research is to elaborate the scientific and practical recommendations on improvement of the mechanism of taxation of agricultural producers and their state support taking into account regional priorities and the necessity of ensuring innovative development of the region. Originality and value. The necessity to resolve the issue of, firstly, the empowerment of local governments, local authorities and local communities to establish elements of local taxes and fees, and secondly, the development of a mechanism for investment-innovative tax credits and other types of tax incentives to enhance innovation have been grounded. Materials and methods. In the process of research, the following general and special methods (induction and deduction, classification, statistical analysis, dialectic and system analysis) were used to identify trends in the state financial support and its distribution, assessing the functioning of the mechanism and justifying proposals for improving its toolkit. The information base of the study consists of international official documents, normative and legislative documents of Ukraine. Results. It is substantiated that the lack of the ability of local self-government bodies to influence the definition of benefits and rates of local taxes and fees for the purpose of activating innovation activity does not contribute to improving the competitiveness and investment attractiveness of the regions. The need to expand the powers of local self-government bodies, local authorities and territorial communities to establish elements of local taxes and fees, the development of a mechanism of investment-innovative tax credits and other types of tax incentives that will promote the activation of innovation activity and development of agriculture is proved. The necessity of correcting the procedure for allocating budgetary funds for state support to agricultural producers in the direction of taking into account the specifics of land areas, types of economic activities, priorities and prospects for regional development in the distribution of the amount of funds between regions and entities claiming to receive it is justified. Conclusions. It is proved that this will allow providing a cumulative effect of growth of financial resources and volumes of agricultural production, taking into account the requirements of quality, organicity and ecological compatibility for activation of innovative activity and innovative development of regions.Item Extending the Powers of Local Self-Government Bodies when Establishing Local Taxes and Fees in the Context of Stimulating the Innovation Development of Agricultural Producers in the Region(Kalmosani, 2018-06) Shalimov, V.; Шалімов, В. В.The ways of extending the powers of local self-government bodies when establishing local taxes and fees in the context of stimulating the innovation development of agricultural producers in the region is proposed.Item Зарубіжний досвід та проблеми функціонування малого бізнесу(Кіровоград : видавець Лисенко В. Ф., 2015) Яковенко, Р. В.; Yakovenko, R.; Афанасьєва, Н. В.; Afanasyeva, N.У статті поряд з теоретичними засадами висвітлено реальний стан малого бізнесу в Україні, проблеми його функціонування, розглянуто зарубіжний досвід, а також шляхи подолання проблем малого бізнесу в нашій країні та перспективи його подальшого розвитку. In the article along with theoretical principles, the real situation of small business in Ukraine, problems of its functioning, foreign business experience, ways of overcoming the problems of small business in our country and perspectives of its further development are highlighted.Item До питання введення Російської подушної системи оподаткування у Слобожанщині та Лівобережній Україні(УНІВЕРС, 2009) Орлик, В. М.; Orlyk, V.У статті порушується проблема поширення російського подушного оподаткування на населення Слобожанщини та Лівобережної України, показуються особливості цього процесу в указаних регіонах. В статье рассматривается проблема введения российского подушного налогообложения на население Слобожанщины и Левобережной Украины, анализируются особенности этого процесса в указанных регионах. The article deals with the problem of taxation of inhabitants In Slobozhanschina and Livoberezhna Ukraine; the peculiarities of this process in the mentioned regions are described.