Конструювання, виробництво та експлуатація сільськогосподарських машин. Загальнодержавний міжвідомчий науково-технічний збірник.
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Ідентифікатор медіа: R30-03925 (рішення Національної ради України від 25.04.2024 р. № 1418).
Мови видання: українська, російська, англійська, періодичність - один раз на рік.
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Item type:Item, Дослідження процесу сумішоутворення лопатевим змішувачем для ВРХ(ЦНТУ, 2022) Кісільов, Р. В.; Лузан, П. Г.; Богатирьов, Д. В.; Нестеренко, О. В.; Kisilyov, R.; Luzan, P.; Bohatyrov, D.; Nesterenko, O.У статті за рахунок проведеного аналізу різних існуючих конструкцій запропоновано використання новітньої схеми лопатевого змішувача кормів. Теоретичними та експериментальними дослідженнями було отримано основні конструктивні і кінематичні параметри робочих органів, що в подальшому дозволило визначити їх вплив на неоднорідність кормової суміші, тобто якісного показника, що характеризує процес підготовки кормів для згодовування. Отримані залежності досить ефективно характеризують роботу лопатевого змішувача та приготування повнораціонної збалансованої суміші для ВРХ. Dairy and meat cattle breeding of Ukraine is one of leading and most essential industries of stockraising, that provides a production of more than 95% of cow milk and 50...60% of beef. In the world market demand is on high-quality milk, beef and products of their processing constantly grows and that is why has an important economic value for development of industry of cattle breeding in agricultural production of our country. In general process of production goods of cattle breeding a decisive role belongs to forage. They have subzero quality, in most cases, insufficient quantities are produced, and their share in cost price of milk and beef is more than half of costs. In connection with transfer of animal husbandry to market farming conditions, a long-term national program has been developed, which provides for increasing the volume of milk and beef production, reducing cost of production, improving its quality, comprehensive intensification of cattle breeding by creating a strong fodder base, increasing its efficiency and productivity of grain and fodder cultures, application of new progressive feeding technologies, preparation of fodder for feeding, preparation of highly nutritious fodder mixtures and implementation of complex mechanization and automation of production processes on farms and complexes. Realization of technical and plant-breeding progress of high-performance production of milk and beef in industry requires near-term providing of animals in a sufficient amount high-quality biologically valuable forage that can be balanced in rations of cattle by organic, mineral and biologically-active nutritives and microelements and microaddings in accordance with pre-arranged productivity with maintenance of necessary for this purpose vital functions and physiology state of animal. Generalized analysis of traditional machines and technical equipments for preparation of forage mixtures for a cattle showed that existent mixers not to a full degree provided quality indexes in relation to preparation of moist forage mixtures and have a certain list of some defects. Namely, the constructions of mobile mixers exceed norms in terms of specific metal density by1,5...2 times, while the energy consumption for the drive of working bodies is 3...4 times. Such significant disadvantages of traditional mixers limit their use on cattle farms. In the article, a systematic approach of systems is considered in relation to technological process of mixing of different components of mixture, that is presented as determined model of functioning of mixer of forage of batch-type at all stages of its operation: from loading components to receiving and unloading the finished feed mixture. On the basis of the conducted research, the technological scheme of the paddle mixer, which consists of a body with a loading neck and an unloading auger, is substantiated. Flat blades with a corresponding step are hardly installed on supports along a mixer, which are equipped by radial fingers for loosening of monolith of mixture in the corps of mixer. Blades are installed with right and angle of inclination their working surface to axis of shaft. Purpose of experimental researches was envisage study of conformities to law of influence of geometrical and kinematics parameters on quality of preparation of forage mixtures. Such important factors were: frequency of rotation of billow of mixer; width of flat blade; an angle of its inclination to axis of the shaft and duration of forage mixing. After realization of experimental researches at processing of received data we applied a mathematical application that allowed to build dependences and get rational values package. They are as follows: the rational width value of blade is 45 mm, angle of its inclination is 500, the frequency of rotation of agitator shaft should not exceed 90 rpm. with duration of process 6...8 min. According to these parameters, proposed design of mixer ensures homogeneity of mixture at level of 92%, while basic homogeneity index for cattle is 86%.Item type:Item, Дослідження двосекційного змішувача для приготування збалансованих сумішей на фермах ВРХ(ЦНТУ, 2020) Кісільов, Р. В.; Хмельовський, В. С.; Лузан, П. Г.; Сисоліна, І. П.; Kisilyov, R.; Khmelevsky, V.; Luzan, P.; Sysolina, I.; Кисилев, Р. В.; Хмелевский, В. С.; Сысолина, И. П.У статті на підставі проведено аналізу існуючих конструкцій запропоновано нову схему двосекційного стрічково-лопатевого змішувача. Експериментальні дослідження визначили вплив конструктивних і режимних параметрів на якість приготування кормосуміші для великої рогатої худоби. Визначена область раціональних значень при яких досягається максимальна однорідність суміші. Отримано графічні залежності, які характеризують якісну роботу двосекційного комбінованого змішувача кормів. Improving of livestock industry efficiency significantly depends on quality of feed preparation, as they are in cost structure of products are 30-60% of costs. Advanced technologies that allow to fully realize genetic potential of animals, due to the lack of necessary technical support have not become widespread. The experience of using intensive full-system technologies for livestock production shows that, along with reliable and balanced provision of farms with high quality feeds, traditional feeding systems are being improved, which are aimed at the development of economically efficient mechanized feed processing technologies and the preparation of full-range and balanced feed mixtures. Existing designs of feed mixers for cattle do not fully meet the zootechnical requirements for the preparation of multicomponent balanced complete feed mixtures, have high energy costs and high specific material consumption. Therefore, research aimed at developing working bodies for feed mixers, which will ensure the creation of a highly efficient feed base at low energy and material costs are of economic importance and is an urgent scientific task. In the article on the basis of the conducted researches the basic constructive-technological scheme of the effective single-shaft two-section mixer for realization of process of preparation of balanced mixes for cattle executed in the form of the horizontally located cylindrical case with the combined mixer consisting of section of screw tapes and flat blades (left and right) direction of inclination, the working surface of which is located at an angle of 45… 500 to the axis of the shaft and is equipped with radial fingers. The purpose of experimental research was to establish identification of developed mathematical models and adequacy of research results of proposed feed mixer and determine impact of basic parameters and modes of its operation on quality process. Аchieve this goal, mutual influence of simultaneous changes in speed of agitator shaft, width of flat blade angle of blade to axis of agitator shaft and duration of feed mixing on quality process: homogeneity of mixture and drive power of mixer shaft. Theoretical studies of the process of preparation of a balanced complete ration mixture confirmed the advantage of the developed design of the combined two-section mixer and increased the quality index (homogeneity of the mixture) to 98%. В статье на основании проведения анализа существующих конструкций предложена новая схема двухсекционного ленточно-лопастного смесителя. Экспериментальные исследования определили влияние конструктивных и режимных параметров на качество приготовления кормосмеси для крупного рогатого скота. Определена область рациональных значений при которых достигается максимальная однородность смеси. Получены графические зависимости, характеризующие качественную работу двухсекционного комбинированного смесителя кормов.Item type:Item, Аналіз руху кормової суміші в бункері кормоприготувального агрегату(ЦНТУ, 2018) Хмельовський, В. С.; Хмелевский, В. С.; Khmelovskyi, V.У статті описано результати досліджень руху кормової суміші в бункері кормоприготувального агрегату. Теоретичний аналіз дозволив встановити, що за умови, на вісі OZ вплив точкового джерела збурення тиску простягається у цьому випадку по всьому об’єму кормової суміші, причому вплив спадає при віддаленні від джерела збурення за степеневим законом. Дослідження дозволили отримати залежності кута між хвильовим вектором k та вектором Ω, який повинен знаходитись в межах 12-19о, що дає можливість забезпечити ефективне змішування кормових компонентів та уникнення застійних зон. В статье описаны результаты исследований движения кормовой смеси в бункере кормоприготовительного агрегата. Теоретический анализ позволил установить, что при условии, ω <2Ω по оси OZ влияние точечного источника возмущения давления распространяетсяв этом случае по всему объему кормовой смеси, причем влияние убывает при удалении от источника возмущения по степенному закону. Исследования позволили получить зависимости угла между волновым вектором k и вектором Ω, который должен находиться в пределах 12-19о, что позволяет обеспечить эффективное смешивание кормовых компонентов и избежания застойных зон. The purpose of the article is to detect the position of the OZ axis of a point source of permeation of the feed mixture, which affects the effectiveness of the mixing of feed components and ensures the avoidance of stagnant zones in the hopper of the feed preparation unit. The movement of the feed mixture in the hopper of the feed preparation unit provides a screw working organ in cylindrical coordinates (r, φ, z) with an axis z along the vector Ω of the angular velocity of the feed mixture. When the fodder mixture comes from a spiral of a screw in a super-spiral space, a wave forms. Depending on the geometric parameters of the bunker and the screw working organ, the wave formed promotes the effective mixing of feed components and the formation of a homogeneous mixture. The article describes the results of research on the movement of the feed mixture in the hopper of the feed preparation unit. The theoretical analysis has made it possible to establish that, provided ω <2Ω on the axis of OZ, the influence of the point source of perturbation of pressure p’ extends in this case throughout the volume of the feed mixture, and the effect decreases in the distance from the source of perturbation by the power law. The studies allowed to obtain angular dependences between the wave vector and the vector , which makes it possible to ensure consistent mixing of feed components inside the bunker. A peculiar type of internal waves propagates in a feed mixture that is evenly rotated. (In this case we consider the feed mixture to be non-compressible, ie, its density ρ is constant in time and space). The origin of these waves is due to the emergence of Coriolis forces and constant feeding of the feed mixture with a screw. On the basis of the research it was succeeded to establish the following. Assuming that ω <2Ω on the OZ axis, the influence of the point source of perturbation (pressure p’) extends in this case throughout the volume of the feed mixture, with the effect decreasing in the distance from the source of perturbation by the power law. To ensure effective mixing of feed components and avoidance of stagnant zones, the angle 2θ should be within the range of 12-19o.