Центральноукраїнський науковий вісник. Технічні науки. Випуск 7. Частина 2. - 2023
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Item Ергономічне забезпечення вимог до комфортності поїздки в міському автобусі великої місткості(ЦНТУ, 2023) Загорянський, В. Г.; Zahorianskyi, V.Забезпечення комфортності пасажирських перевезень у міському автобусі визначається дотриманням ергономічних вимог, що, в свою чергу, залежить від конструктивних особливостей облаштування площі, призначеної для пасажирів. Розглянуті ці питання стосовно до міських автобусів місткістю більше двадцяти двох пасажирів. Проаналізовані поняття місткості пасажирського автобуса, його комфортності, розглянуті ергономічні вимоги до параметрів комфортності автобусів, визначені основні чинники, які визначають комфортність автобусів великої місткості. The purpose of the paper is to is to analyze the main factors that determine the parameters of bus comfort when transporting passengers by large-capacity buses. Ensuring the comfort of passenger transportation in a city bus is determined by compliance with ergonomic requirements, which, in turn, depends on the design features of the space intended for passengers. The paper examines these questions in relation to single-deck single and articulated public buses with a capacity of more than twenty-two passengers, standing or sitting, except for the driver. From the point of view of the Ukrainian legislation and regulatory framework, the concepts of the capacity of a passenger bus, its comfort, the main factors that determine the comfort of large-capacity buses are analyzed. The scope of use of buses of different classes and categories according to the types of connections and the length of the routes is determined taking into account the features of the design of the buses regarding the comfort and safety of the transportation of passengers and luggage and ensuring proper travel conditions. The ergonomic requirements for the comfort parameters of buses, the procedure for determining their comfort class and the scope of their use by types of connections and traffic modes are also considered. It was found that the factors that determine the comfort of large-capacity buses include the design and location of the seats, climate control (operating while the engine is running), heating (operating while the engine is running), windows (glass tinting, sun protection equipment (curtains or curtains), individual lighting, a microphone and loudspeaker, the presence of a luggage compartment, the presence of sanitary equipment (toilets with water or chemical cleaning, wash basins), the presence of such amenities as a refrigerator, cafe bar, TV in the cabin, as well as the type of suspension (classic (mechanical) or pneumatic/ pneumomechanical).Item Дослідження напружено-деформованого стану дна кузова напівпричіпа вантажного автомобіля в залежності від розміщення перемичок(ЦНТУ, 2023) Гевко, Ів. Б.; Пиндус, Ю. І.; Левкович, М. Г.; Тесля, В. О.; Гупка, А. Б.; Сіправська, М. Д.; Hevko, I.; Pyndus, Yu.; Levkovich, M.; Teslia, V.; Gupka, А.; Sipravska, M.За допомогою методу напруження-деформації було проведено комплексне дослідження кузовів вантажних напівпричепів, що призвело до розробки інноваційних інженерних рішень, спрямованих на підвищення їх техніко-економічних показників. Це було досягнуто шляхом аналізу впливу різних факторів на особливості будови та конструкції. Результати дослідження були отримані на основі напружено-деформованого стану (НДС) з використанням передових методів інженерного аналізу, зокрема із застосуванням спеціалізованого програмного комплексу SolidWorks на CAD-моделі, що представляє кузов напівпричепа вантажівки. The purpose of this article is to study the influence of the geometric parameters of the elements of the bottom of the body of a truck semi-trailer on its stress-strain state. To solve this problem, a combination of analytical, numerical and experimental methods is used to investigate the stress-strain state of the structure in car bodies. With help of the stress-strain method, a comprehensive study of the bodies of cargo semi-trailers was carried out, which led to the development of innovative engineering solutions aimed at increasing their technical and economic indicators. This was achieved by analyzing the influence of various factors on the structure and design features. The research results were obtained on the basis of the stress-strain state (SST) using advanced methods of engineering analysis, in particular, using the specialized SolidWorks software complex on a CAD model representing the body of a semi-trailer truck. The results obtained after conducting these studies serve as the basis for making engineering decisions aimed at improving the design of the truck body.Item Аналіз конструкції кузова вантажного транспортного засобу(ЦНТУ, 2023) Хітров, І. О.; Khitrov, I.Конструктивні параметри сучасних кузовів вантажних транспортних засобів повинні враховувати визначальні властивості перевезеного вантаж, умови експлуатації та спеціальні вимоги їх перевезень. У статті наведено аналіз типів кузовів транспортних засобів для вантажних перевезень. Розкрито їх призначення, конструктивні особливості і способи виготовлення. Описано вибір типу кузова для визначеного виду вантажу. Transport is an important component of the unified transport system of our country, which helps to meet the needs of the population and social production in passenger transportation and cargo delivery. Special attention is paid to specialized rolling stock of road transport. The design parameters of modern truck bodies should take into account the defining properties of the transported cargo, operating conditions and special requirements for their transportation. The purpose of the body actually determines the scope of the vehicle (or vice versa). The purpose of this paper is to analyze the bodies of vehicles in terms of their purpose, design, and layout, which are widely used in all sectors of the national economy and must meet the stated requirements. A truck is a vehicle that is designed and equipped for the transportation of goods. It is divided into general purpose, specialized and special purpose. The basis for building a family of trucks is the basic chassis. Since the cargo (products) differ in their properties, certain requirements are imposed on the vehicle body for its transportation, in particular - for sand, gravel - an open body is required; - for cement, animal feed - a closed body with the possibility of constant mixing; - for liquids (food and chemical products) - sealed tanks, in which the liquid should not react with the tank material; - for perishable products - isothermal refrigerators that can be used for cooling or heating; - for building materials, long materials, floor panels, a special frame structure is required. Depending on the body design, it is possible to produce a frame, semi-frame or frameless body. The cross-section of the body is selected for different cargoes based on the need to ensure a lower center of gravity of the cargo, complete unloading of the cargo, and the required structural rigidity. An additional requirement for the design of bodies is compliance with specified thermal properties, which are achieved through the use of insulating materials and a cooling system. Based on the data obtained from the analysis of the body design, taking into account the requirements for the transported cargo and operating conditions, it is possible to develop basic criteria for improving the quality of transportation and selecting rolling stock, both for each individual cargo, transportation in general, and for industry purposes.Item Аналіз конструкції кузова вантажного транспортного засобу(ЦНТУ, 2023) Хітров, І. О.; Khitrov, I.Конструктивні параметри сучасних кузовів вантажних транспортних засобів повинні враховувати визначальні властивості перевезеного вантаж, умови експлуатації та спеціальні вимоги їх перевезень. У статті наведено аналіз типів кузовів транспортних засобів для вантажних перевезень. Розкрито їх призначення, конструктивні особливості і способи виготовлення. Описано вибір типу кузова для визначеного виду вантажу. Transport is an important component of the unified transport system of our country, which helps to meet the needs of the population and social production in passenger transportation and cargo delivery. Special attention is paid to specialized rolling stock of road transport. The design parameters of modern truck bodies should take into account the defining properties of the transported cargo, operating conditions and special requirements for their transportation. The purpose of the body actually determines the scope of the vehicle (or vice versa). The purpose of this paper is to analyze the bodies of vehicles in terms of their purpose, design, and layout, which are widely used in all sectors of the national economy and must meet the stated requirements. A truck is a vehicle that is designed and equipped for the transportation of goods. It is divided into general purpose, specialized and special purpose. The basis for building a family of trucks is the basic chassis. Since the cargo (products) differ in their properties, certain requirements are imposed on the vehicle body for its transportation, in particular - for sand, gravel - an open body is required; - for cement, animal feed - a closed body with the possibility of constant mixing; - for liquids (food and chemical products) - sealed tanks, in which the liquid should not react with the tank material; - for perishable products - isothermal refrigerators that can be used for cooling or heating; - for building materials, long materials, floor panels, a special frame structure is required. Depending on the body design, it is possible to produce a frame, semi-frame or frameless body. The cross-section of the body is selected for different cargoes based on the need to ensure a lower center of gravity of the cargo, complete unloading of the cargo, and the required structural rigidity. An additional requirement for the design of bodies is compliance with specified thermal properties, which are achieved through the use of insulating materials and a cooling system. Based on the data obtained from the analysis of the body design, taking into account the requirements for the transported cargo and operating conditions, it is possible to develop basic criteria for improving the quality of transportation and selecting rolling stock, both for each individual cargo, transportation in general, and for industry purposes.