Центральноукраїнський науковий вісник. Технічні науки. Випуск 1. - 2019
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Item Принципи побудови математичної моделі газогенераторного процесу(ЦНТУ, 2019) Конончук, C. В.; Скрипник, О. В.; Свяцький, В. В.; Конончук, С. В.; Скрипник, О. В.; Свяцкий, В. В.; Kononchuk, S.; Skrypnyk, O.; Sviatskyi, V.В статті запропоновано новий підхід до вивчення взаємозв’язку між основними параметрами газогенераторного процесу; оригінальні методики розрахунків матеріального та теплового балансів процесу газифікації твердого палива; спосіб реалізації математичної моделі газогенераторного процесу на комп’ютері. В статье предложен новый подход в исследовании взаимосвязей между основными параметрами газогенераторного процесса; оригинальные методики расчета материального и теплового балансов процесса газификации твердого топлива; способ реализации математической модели газогенераторного процесса на компьютере. The need for the development and introduction of technologies in Ukraine that are capable of providing energy resources savings, improving sanitary and hygienic and economic indicators of production, encourage the search for and use of alternative energy sources, including gasification of solid fuels of local sources in gas generators. To solve problems of forecasting and optimization of the gas generator process on the basis of the study of the relationship between its parameters, as well as the calculation of the material and thermal balance of the gas generator, the principles of detection of the laws of heat and mass exchange, as well as the invention of the mathematical description of the process, taking into account the type of the gas generator process (direct, horizontal), quantity, temperature and chemical composition of fuel and blast. In order to study the relationship between the most important parameters of the gas generator process, a laboratory plant was developed in which the reverse gas generator process was implemented. However, the conduct of experimental studies in the variation of a large number of input parameters leads to an increase in the number of field experiments, given their complexity, is limited by great difficulties. Therefore, of the three possible types of mathematical models (theoretical, mixed and statistical) for gas generators in the present conditions, it is expedient to construct models of mixed type, when the mathematical structure of the model is determined theoretically, and the identification of the model is carried out using experimental data. The gas generator is considered as a static object with lumped parameters. The original methods of calculating the material and thermal balance of the gasification process of solid fuel have been developed, taking into account the variation of the input parameters. A block diagram of the solution of the problem of determining the temperature dependence of the generator gas and its amount from the air flow, which allows obtaining a computer program for solving this problem, has been developed. The given method of mathematical modeling of the gas-generating process allows to solve problems of forecasting and optimization of this process, gives the possibility of practical use of mathematical model at designing and operation of gas generators at enterprises of different industries.Item Удосконалення математичної моделі подрібнення м’ясної сировини на роторному емульситаторі(ЦНТУ, 2019) Вербицький, С. Б.; Батраченко, О. В.; Філімонова, Н. В.; Вербицкий, С. Б.; Батраченко, А. В.; Филимонова, Н. В.; Verbytskyi, S.; Batrachenko, O.; Filimonova, N.Виконано аналіз існуючих технічних засобів безперервної дії для тонкого подрібнення м'ясної сировини і особливості математичного моделювання зазначеного процесу. Наведено формулу розрахунку інтегрованої потужності і розглянута можливість її уточнення шляхом урахування технічних характеристик живильних бункерів. Запропоновано доповнити формулу інтегрованої потужності коефіцієнтом стабільності подачі, обґрунтовано чисельні значення зазначеного коефіцієнта для живильних бункерів різної конструкції. Выполнен анализ существующих технических средств непрерывного действия для тонкого измельчения мясного сырья и особенности математического моделирования указанного процесса. Приведена формула расчета интегрированной мощности и рассмотрена возможность ее уточнения путем учета технических характеристик питающих бункеров. Предложено дополнить формулу интегрированной мощностью коэффициентом стабильности подачи, обоснованы численные значения указанного коэффициента для питающих бункеров разной конструкции. The proposed article aims at analyzing existing technical means of continuous action for raw meats comminution and studying the features of mathematical modeling of this process. The aim is also to evaluate the possibility and feasibility of improving the existing mathematical model of raw meats comminution in a rotary flow cutter with a corresponding development of the formula for determining the power of the device specified. The analysis of existing technical means of continuous action for raw meats comminution has been performed; a comparative characteristic of the two most commonly used design schemes of flow cutters has been given, namely: “knife-grate” and “rotor-stator”. The features of mathematical modeling of the process of raw meats comminution in a rotary flow cutter are analyzed. The formula for calculating the integrated power is given, this being proposed to be upgraded by taking into account the flow characteristics of the main structures of the feed bins, the comminuting appliances for raw meats (flow cutters) are equipped with. It is taken into account that the best characteristics of meat raw materials delivery for comminution have asymmetrical bins with a vertical wall, however the design of a bunker in the shape of a truncated cone was taken as the basic one, for which the feed stability coefficient proposed has the numerical value of 1. The numerical values of the feed stability coefficient for different feed bins are also presented. The ways of further development of research were determined aiming at further improving the formula of integrated power of flow cutter by a universal component that would take into account all possible designs of feed bins of flow cutters. Due to the incorporation of the results of studies of the flow characteristics of feeding bins, the mathematical model of the implementation of this process on a rotary flow cutter has been upgraded, the integrated formula for determining the power of such devices has also been modified accordingly. The refinement of the mathematical model of the fine grinding process takes into account the typical designs of feeding bins of flow cutters; therefore, further studies aiming at enhancing the integrated formula that will take into account the flow characteristics of feeding bins of any shape and geometric dimensions are promising.